Le rosse del mito Ferrari, il decennio 1947-1957.
La 375 F1 un “ cammello” tinto di rosso che contribuisce a far crescere il mito Ferrari nel mondo.
” Date a un bambino un foglio di carta, dei colori e chiedetegli di disegnare un automobile,
sicuramente la farà rossa.” Enzo Ferrari
375 F1 / 375 Indianapolis , 1950 – 1953
E’ il 3 settembre del 1950, nasce la 375 F1. Al Gran Premio d’Italia a Monza, la Ferrari si presenta al via con due sole vetture. Le rosse nate dall’abbinamento del nuovo motore da 320 cv, ricavato dal 4,100 aumentando la quota di alesaggio, con l’autotelaio della 340 F1.
L’evoluzione ha una impennata all’inizio del 1951 quando viene migliorato il rendimento del motore con la doppia accensione e varianti di alimentazione. La nuova versione viene chiamata dai meccanici, Cammello. Il suo aspetto è condizionato a causa da maggior capacità del serbatoio. L’andamento della carrozzeria appare gonfiato per raccordarsi alla considerevole sezione poppiera.
La prima vittoria arriva finalmente il 14 luglio1951 nel G.P. d’Inghilterra a Silverstone, l’argentino José Froilàn Gonzalez riesce a battere le Alfa Romeo, portando al successo la 375F1.
Caratteristiche tecniche
Numero e disposizione dei cilindri 12 cilindri V ( 60 )
Alesaggio diametro e corsa 80 x 74 mm
Cilindrata unitaria 374,47 cc
Cilindrata totale 4.493,73 cc
Rapporto compressione: 11 : 1, 13 : 1 ( 375 Indy )
Potenza massima 330 / 380 cv a 7000 / 7500 giri/min. 405 cv 7500 giri/min ( 375 Indy )
Potenza specifica 73 cv/lt
Distribuzione monoalbero in testa, comando a catena
Valvole due per cilindro azionate da bilancieri a rullo
Alimentazione aspirazione libera con tre carburatori Weber 42 DCF, 46 DCF3 ( 1951 ), 40 IF4C ( 375 Indy )
Accensione singola con due magneti, doppia con un magnete ( 1951 )
Lubrificazione a carter secco con pompe di mandata a recupero
Cambio in blocco col differenziale a quattro velocità
Sterzo vite senza fine e settore
Telaio: tubolare in acciaio con longheroni e traverse. Con struttura supplementare superiore ( 375 Indy )
Sospensioni Anteriori quadrilateri deformabili, balestra trasversale inferiore, ammortizzatori idraulici .
Sospensioni Posteriori ponte De Dion, balestre trasversale, bracci di spinta , ammortizzatori idraulici
Freni a tamburo sulle ruote
Pneumatici Anteriori 5.50 x 16 / 6.00 x 16,
Pneumatici Posteriori 7.50 x 16 / 7.00 x 17 / 8.00 x 18 ( 375 Indy )
Carrozzeria Monoposto
Passo 2.320 mm / 2.420 mm ( 1951 )
Carreggiata anteriore 1.270 mm.
Carreggiata posteriore 1.250 mm.
Peso a secco 850 Kg
Velocità massima 300 KM/h / 325 KM/h ( 375 Indy )
Lunghezza: 3.937 mm; Larghezza 1.428 mm ; Altezza 960mm
La mutazione dei regolamenti del 1952 e mancato l’obbiettivo della 500Miglia statunitense, la 375 prosegue la sua carriera nella Formula Libera.
Decaduta la F1, la nuova denominazione diventa 375Indianapolis. Il motore è potenziato, il telaio allungato e irrigidito, le sospensioni aggiornate. Ugualmente importanti sono le modifiche allo scarico Scomparsa la griglia anteriore sporgente e ritorna il piccolo vetro frangivento.
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